The Health Care System Of New Zealand Essay - 1745 Words

Leadership is mandatory in all industries either it is health care or any other Business. As we already know that leadership is a learning process and without a leader any organization cannot survive. The Health care system of New Zealand has shown the significant changes within past decades and it varies according to historical, political, and social contexts. The history shows that there were huge health differences between the Maoris and non-Maoris, which were due to socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, distinctions and limited healthcare facilities. The Healthcare leadership of New Zealand shows a continuous changes from 1800s to 2016. The first hospital was built in Auckland and Wellington in year 1845 and 1846 respectively. The hospitals were also build in Dunedin and in Christchurch in 1851 and 1862. The first legislation under the hospital act was passed in 1885.The department of health was again reconstructed in 1920, Its first head was Te Rangi Hiroa and later on its under the control of Maori doctor named Edward Ellison.The New Zealand’s national health care system was established in the 1930 and Maori Health councils founded in 1931.Its main motive was to provide free medical care by salaried medical practitioners. At that time, the system has two types of care, primary and secondary care. The primary care was provided by state funds but it was controlled by Individual doctors and the secondary care was under the state and utilized with the government subsidies.Show MoreRelatedThe Leadership Structure Of New Zealand Health Care System Essay1736 Words   |  7 PagesThe leadership structure of New Ze aland health care system has a slight modification. Later 2008, the twenty-one District Health Boards (DOB) that act as a consumer and supporter maintained in the population liable for health to ensure services are arranged effectively and efficiently for all New Zealand. District Health Board consist of seven elected members and four delegated by the Minister of Health (MOH). It requires to select board members, but the condition is to have two representatives fromRead MoreLeadership Structure Of New Zealand Health Care System Essay1723 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership structure of New Zealand health care system has a slight modification. Later 2008, the twenty-one District Health Boards (DOB) that act as a consumer and supporter maintained for the population liable for health to ensure services are arrange effectively and efficiently for all New Zealand. District Health Board consist of seven elected members and four delegated by the Minister of Health (MOH). It requires to select board members, but the condition is to have two representative from MaoriRead MoreA Brief Note On The New Zealand Health Care System Essay2202 Words   |  9 PagesDietitians play an important role in the New Zealand health-care system, as their work directly affects numerous risk factors for many serious diseases and conditions. They are specialists in diet choices and nutrition and work in a variety of roles within different organisations, encouraging the general public, groups, and individuals to make healthy diet choices. As the New Zealand health system has an increasing focus on preventing disease at the primary sector and the integration of many differentRead MoreNew Zealand Introduced A Tax Based Financing Health Care System Essay1685 Words   |  7 PagesNew Zealand introduced a tax-based financing health care system in 1947 (Cumming et al, 2013) and Singapore had a similar system after its independence in 1965 (Haseltine, 2013). Due to the increasing pressure on public spending in financing health care, both countries have introduced health care reforms since the 1970s to ease the pressure (Li, 2006). New Zealand has experienced a series of reforms which represented a major restructuring of the health system. The reforms have led to the creationRead MoreComparison : Learning From The Us And New Zealand Essay1413 Words   |  6 PagesHealth care system in comparison: Learning from the US and New Zealand New Zealand and the United States put a great deal of attention to their health care where they share some similarities, as well as differences. Both countries similarly focus on a better number of covered individuals on order to create an enrolled population. However, both countries are the example two significantly different health care approaches regarding their service scope, benefit, and financing sources. This essay triesRead MoreChronic Medical Condition : Asthma1055 Words   |  5 PagesSEMESTER 1 2015 PARAMEDIC PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PARA705 Assessment 2 Written Assignment Chronic medical condition: Asthma Word count: 2000 Introduction This assignment will explore and discuss asthma through the insight of a ten year old asthma patient Miss B. Miss B’s description of asthma will be defined whilst aligning this to current literature. Patient care treatment plans will be discussed according to the New Zealand health system, this will be contrasted to whatRead MoreThe New Zealand Healthcare System Essay1298 Words   |  6 PagesGross Domestic Product (GDP) on health care expenses than any other nation. In 2009, the US spent 16% of its GDP on the health care industry. This represents nearly double the amount spent by other OECD nations (an average of 8.7%) and came in 40 percent higher than the next highest nation, France, which had an 11.2% of GDP outlays on health care expenditures. If we examine these costs at an individual level the US spent $7,538 per capita (per person) on health care. This was more than doubleRead MoreThe New Zealand Healthcare System1698 Words   |  7 PagesThe field of health care remains among the most significant study areas around the globe. Health care society ensures that every individual within the society is provided with the most efficient and effective health care, this will increase their ability to participate in the national building. New Zealand is among the nations that have put great efforts in providing high-quality health care to its citizens. The New Zealand healthcare system has gone through a number of significant changes for theRead MoreThe Treaty Of Waitangi And New Zealand Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe Treaty of Waitangi has a high importance in New Zealand. It is the first formal document establishing the principles and rights in our country. (Kingi ,2007, p. 4) The Nursing Council of New Zealand (2011, p. 21) stated that the definition of the Treaty of Waitangi is that it is, â€Å"The founding document for Aotearoa/ New Zealand signed in 1840 by Maori people and the British Crown.† The Treaty of Waitangi was  "designed as a platform for Maori Health development† in order to help the decreasing populationRead MoreCultural Safety in Clinical Practice1658 Words   |  7 Pagescommon sense of identity. (Brown Edwards, 2012). New Zealand (NZ) is a multi-cultural society composed of peoples from various ethnicities. NZ population is composed of 74% European; 15% Maori; 12% Asian, 7% Pacific peoples, and 1% Middle Eastern / Latin American / African. Aside from the English language (96%), the other common languages used in NZ are te reo Maori (3.7%), Samoan (2.2%), Hindi (1.7%), Chinese (1.3%) and French (1.2%). Almost 42% of New Zealanders does not have religion and the largest

Essay on Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine - 655 Words

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western Medicine (WM) differ from each other in many ways. TCM favors a holistic approach, views the universe and body philosophically and develops inductive tools and methods to guide restoring the total balance of the body. In Chinese medicine, the correct balance between Yin and Yang make up the vital energy, Qi, an essential life-sustaining substance of which all things are made. Some Traditional remedies include herbal medicines, acupuncture, massage and moxibustion, an herbal heat therapy. Western medicine is closely linked to the scientific method and emphasizes biochemical processes causes disease, its treatment and health. This form of treatment views all medical phenomena as cause-effect†¦show more content†¦They are really fast when it comes to getting better but can trigger some effects called Boomerang Effects. It happens when a person takes a medication and depends on it to help the person without taking some consideration into it. Many medications in WM contain many chemicals which can harm your body if abused. In TCM, chemicals aren’t commonly used at all because many herbal treatments are given and other practices like massages and acupuncture is applied to treat the symptoms and the illness. The two types of medicine have many similarities although. The main factor of the process is to make sure the patient recovers and is able to do all aspects in her life as it were before the issue occurred. Both acknowledge that the patient is suffering an illness cause by the body. Although they treat the patient differently, both aim for a balance and harmony within the body with their medical knowledge. Thank goodness our society in medicine aims for one solid thing and that thing is peace and harmony within TCM and WM are in fact different in more ways than they are similar. I could probably list more differences that I can with similarities. When you are first diagnosed using TCM, doctors believe that your body is not balanced. Where as in the west, they diagnose patients by trying to find out what pathogen is attacking your body and making you sick. They believe that microorganisms are key factors of illnesses. For example, if you wereShow MoreRelatedEffectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine Versus Western Medicine in Treating Paediatric Eczema - Research Proposal953 Words   |  4 Pagesin paediatrics affects 25% of school going children in Singapore. It is a common skin disorder and the prevalence has increased over the years. Treatment options usually involve the use of corticosteroids in Western Medicine. Researches have shown that the use of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has increased widely in Singapore as an alternate treatment for eczema. The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the two different treatment options, evaluating the durationRead MoreThe Heart Of Modern Medicine1281 Words   |  6 Pagesdepression, and mood swings in cases of cancer patients, and aid their coping skills. The Western medicine has made great strides in treating many kinds of cancer. The powerful new drugs have been developed that kill cancer cells and surgical techniques have been refined, making it possible to cut out many types of cancer. As a result, many of the people are surviving cancer. On the contrary, while Western medicine had many successes in handling cancer itself, it does not focus on the person. By concentratingRead MoreChinese Medicine And China History And Eastern Culture929 Words   |  4 PagesThe Chinese medicine is related to china history and eastern culture. Every culture has its own idea about creation of universe and human being. Chinese has a basic theory for human creation that include d the human’s physiology and the human’s substance. The theory of five substances depends on five elements that related to all physiologic activity of human. One of them is Qi. Qi term has a conflicted idea between traditional Chinese medicine and western scientific sense that due to misunderstandRead MoreHolistic Health Care For Traditional Chinese Medicine1064 Words   |  5 PagesFrom curing Malaria to relieving migraines, and lowing blood pressure Traditional Chinese Medicine has been widely used around the world for all sorts of ailments. Their unique and natural treatments are appealing to many but the lack of evidence and horror stories seem to cast a dark shadow over TMC, making it not nearly as popular in the Western world as it is in China and the rest of Asia. Although Traditional Chinese Medicine has been ridiculed for years for their unconventional ways of healingRead MoreHistory of Chinese Nursing1534 Words   |  7 PagesChina as part of the westerniz ation in to Chinese culture. In this paper I will discuss the Chinese philosophy on religion and various treatments. I will discuss the Leninger transcultural model and how it relates to Chinese culture. The Chinese culture continues to influence American culture and I will discuss how it will continue to do so in the future. Nursing History in China Chinese health treatment was traditionally providedRead MoreParasitic Diseases Affecting The Worlds Poorest1467 Words   |  6 Pagesblood cells along with causing complications with the kidneys, lungs, and brain. In more serious cases, it can cause permanent neurological effects and even death. As the Nobel Assembly said at the announcement of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, â€Å"Diseases caused by parasites have plagued humankind for a millennium and constitute a major global health problem. In particular, parasitic diseases affect the world’s poorest populations and represent a huge barrier to improving human health andRead MoreTraditional Chinese Medicine Essay1141 Words   |  5 PagesOne important aspect of Chinese culture is Traditional Chinese Medicine, also known as TCM. Chinese medicine has been around for quite awhile, and is still around today. In the United States, we see it as acupuncture and massage. TCM is still widely popular in its home c ountry where it is still practiced as it was a few centuries ago. Chinese medicine is evolving to our modern day times, but it is keeping close ties to its roots. Chinese medicine is also becoming more affluent in different partsRead MoreAlternative Healthcare Options Or Alternative Medicine1378 Words   |  6 Pageshealthcare options or alternative medicine is â€Å"any of various systems of healing or treating disease (such as acupuncture, chiropractic, homeopathy, or faith healing) that is not included under traditional medical practice in the United States and Britain† (Webster dictionary). Alternative medicine is the term used for medical products and practices that are not part of the standard of care. Standard of care is what medical doctors, doctors of traditional medicine, and allied health professionalsRead MoreDiseases Caused By Parasites Have Plagued Humankind For A Millennium1538 Words   |  7 Pagesplagued humankind for a millennium and constitute a major glo bal health problem. In particular, parasitic diseases affect the world’s poorest populations and represent a huge barrier to improving human health and wellbeing† Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is a prize for people who have most certain impacted mankind in allowing use to understand our bodies, cells, and diseases function. Speak of that later of that statement, if one had to name an infection that has plagued mankind malaria would mostRead MoreA Nobel Science Challenge Of The Malaria Vaccine Institute1481 Words   |  6 Pagesblood cells along with causing complications with the kidneys, lungs, and brain. In more serious cases, it can cause permanent neurological effects and even death. As the Nobel Assembly said at the announcement of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, â€Å"Diseases caused by parasites have plagued humankind for a millennium and constitute a major global health problem. In particular, parasitic diseases affect the world’s poorest populations and represent a huge barrier to improving human health and

Pride Essay Example For Students

Pride Essay In Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen, the emphasis is on irony, in its exposure of foolishness and the importance of social values. Jane Austens irony is devastating in its exposure of foolishness. There are various forms of exquisite irony in Pride and Prejudice, sometimes the characters are unconsciously ironic, as when Mrs. Bennet seriously asserts that she would never accept any entailed property, though Mr. Collins is willing to. â€Å"Often Mr. Bennet and Elizabeth serve to directly express the authors ironic opinion† (Trevor 352). When Mary Bennet is the only daughter at home and does not have to be compared with her prettier sisters, the author notes that: â€Å"it was suspected by her father that she submitted to the change without much reluctance† (Austen 189). Mr. Bennet turns his wit on himself during the crisis with Whickham and Lydia: â€Å"let me once in my life feel how much I have been to blame. I am not afraid of being overpowered by the impression. It will pass away soon enough†(Austen 230). Elizabeths irony is lighthearted when Jane asks when she began to love Mr. Darcy: à ¢â‚¬Å"It has been coming on so gradually that I hardly know when it began. But I believe I must date it from my first seeing his beautiful grounds at Pemberly† (Austen 163). â€Å"She can be bitterly cutting however in her remark on Darcys role in separating Bingley and Jane† (Bowen 107): â€Å"Mr. Darcy is uncommonly kind to Mr. Bingley, and takes a prodigious deal of care of him† (Austen 202). â€Å"The author also independent of any character, uses irony in the narrative parts for some of her sharpest judgments† (Bradley 9). The Meryton Community is glad that Lydia is marrying such a worthless man as Whickham: â€Å" and the good nature wishes for her well doing, which had proceed before from all the spiteful old ladies in Meryton, lost but a little of their spirit in this change of circumstances, because with such a husband, her misery was certain† (Austen 270). â€Å"Austen uses irony to provoke gentle, whimsical laughter and to make veiled, b itter observations as well; in her hands irony is an extremely effective device for moral evaluation† (Francis 21): â€Å"She has Elizabeth say that she hopes she will never laugh at what is wise or good† (Austen 143). The characters on Pride and Prejudice are full of social values. â€Å"Every character is measured against the intelligence and sensitivity which eighteen-century people called good sense, and they stand and fall by common consent of the evaluation made by the author† (Hirsch 74). â€Å"The characters themselves, the sensible ones, accept this standard, and their relationships are determined by it, Mr. Bennet cannot be happy with his wife because he does not respect her† (Watt 296): â€Å"Mr. Bennet saw his wife, he was thinking about how obstinate she was, how money made her so happy, and how hypocrite she was† (Austen 90). â€Å"For this reason he retreats the ridiculousness of his family into sarcasm and carelessness† (Schroer 84). â€Å"Elizabeth also feels pained by her familys folly, and can not help realizing how harmful it is to Lydias and her own romances† (Brower 172): â€Å"I have bad news for you imprudent as a marriage between Mr. Whi ckham and our poor Lydia would be, we are now anxious to be assured it has taken place in Scotland† (Austen 262). â€Å"Likewise when Charlotte Lucas marries the idiotic Mr. Collins for purely materialistic reasons, Elizabeth knows their friendship can never be the same; they will separate. This stress on good sense brings characters together as well† (Jenkins 289). Jane, Elizabeth, and the Gardiners are tied to each other by affection and an alert confidence in each others judgment. â€Å"They can rely on both the mind and the heart of the others; this sensible and spirited attitude is what draws Darcy to Elizabeth in the first place. Since the quality of good sense is so important for the characters, we should know what it specifically is† (Watt 300). The two characteristics already mentioned, intelligence and sensitivity, are obviously essential. â€Å"A sense of responsibility also seems to be part of it† (Hirsch 64). Mrs. and Mr. Bennet are not sensib le when they fail to guide their family. This responsibility involves a consideration for the feelings of other people which silly characters as Mr. Collins, Lady Catherine de Bourgh, and Lydia Bennet conspicuously lack. â€Å"What happens in Pride and Prejudice happens to nearly all of us, embarrassment at the foolishness of relatives, the unsteady feelings of falling in love, and the mortify of suddenly realizing a big mistake† (Bradley 28). â€Å"The psychological realism of the novel is revealed in the quick recognition we have of how the characters feel, there is a very convincing view of how an intelligent, feeling person changes, the sensitiveness of how people do feel and act† (Trevor 351); as when Elizabeth and Darcy are angry at each other and how they completely change their minds with the passage of time. .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae , .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae .postImageUrl , .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae , .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae:hover , .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae:visited , .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae:active { border:0!important; } .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae:active , .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf8c665f853697919d81cd36bfed164ae:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Parenting Styles EssayBibliography:

Swept by passion Essay Example For Students

Swept by passion Essay Nikhil, a man of subtle views and very little opinion, did not have the desire to lead. At the time, this was very feminine. Bimala was forced by the passion to follow a leader, someone filled with masculinity. Bimala and Nikhil make up in a way that does not represent a husband and wife relationship. Nikhil becomes so unsatisfied with the actions of Bimala. Nikhil does not want Bimala to praise him and be his servant but wants her to be a supportive wife that is there for him. Bimala does not understand this because even when filled with passion she was always following someone. We will write a custom essay on Swept by passion specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Being swept away by passion, Bimala begins to try to rebuild her life first by making up with the one she loves. Bimala goes to Nikhil not as a wife, but as a desperate woman. She pleads for Nikhil to forgive her and tells him how she will praise him and be of service more. Nikhil in no fashion desires this kind of treatment but truly wants a normal wife. Nikhil dies leaving Bimala with no one. She states, I feel I want to die(185). Trying to stop a riot that Bimalas passion had probably caused, Nikhil is killed. Bimala becomes someone that is truly alone with no life to live. Her passion destroyed her life and turned it into a tragedy. A woman full of so much potential becomes oblivious to her life because of the passion she had. Bimala was swept away by the passion that so quickly attacked her. Her passion ended her life and destroyed the life of many others. Bimala believed in something that she did not even know, but was swept away by the passion. An example of Bimalas same passion that soon becomes a tragedy is Hamlet. Hamlet is swept away by the passion to kill Claudius. Haste me to knowt, that I, with wings as swift as meditation or the thoughts of love, may sweep to my revenge. (1.5. 35). Hamlet forgets his own life in order to pursue what his desires are. His passion for revenge consumes him as he leaving his life behind. By accident Hamlet kills the wrong person, Polonius, due to his passionate desires. Hamlet states, Nay, I know not: is it the king? (3. 4. 33). Not even checking behind the curtain, Hamlet is driven by his own passion and forgets everything else but to kill. Thinking that it was the king Hamlet creates the beginning of his own tragedy. The passion swept them away, leaving them with nothing, not even their lives. Bimala started off as a woman that was sheltered from the world. She became obsessed with Sandip and the cause, forgetting everything else that she had. As the passion became the key factor in her life she did things that she never thought she could do. Bimalas life was engulfed by passion, leaving her life behind. As the passion left her, her life miserably ended. After Nikhil died Bimala had nobody and no life to spare. Bimala became a human without anyone, not even passion. Bimalas tragedy was caused by the passion that overcame her. Bimala brought this tragedy on herself. Because Bimala is swept away by passion she creates her own tragedy.

Argumentative Essay Of Mice and Men Essays

Argumentative Essay Of Mice and Men Essays Argumentative Essay Of Mice and Men Essay Argumentative Essay Of Mice and Men Essay Essay Topic: Argumentative Of Mice and Men Making decisions can be easy, however making beneficial decisions is difficult. In the novella, Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, one of the leading characters, George Milton, faces series of decisions where life could change drastically based on his choices. His most difficult decision in the novel is killing his best friend, Lennie. Lennie Small, an ironically huge man with a disability that causes him to act and think like a child, ends up in a position where George can no longer stand up for him against the consequences of the â€Å"accident† towards the end of the novella. He makes the decision to shoot Lennie in the back of his head for both of their benefits. George’s decision is ultimately justified because of the meaningful friendship between the two men, the suffering Lennie would have endured caused by the discrimination based on the social hierarchy, and the unintentional problems Lennie would cause in the future. Also, even though i t could be considered â€Å"morally wrong† for someone to kill their best friend, George’s reason for his decision essentially outweighs the â€Å"immorality.† The two men’s friendship reveals a special relationship that is uncommon amongst the stereotypical migrant workers of the Great Depression. At this time when men independently searched for jobs, Lennie and George depend on each other.Furthermore, their friendship is similar to the connection between Candy and his dog. In the middle of the novella, Candy is encouraged to kill his own dog, who created a stench in the bunkhouse, and he replies: â€Å"‘No,’ he said softly. ‘I could’ do that. I had ‘im too long’† (Steinbeck 45). Candy and his dog spent most of their lives together that they become part of each other. Lennie and George also spend the majority of time together, creating a bond that helped George make the decision to kill Lennie for his benefit. In comparison, just as Candy’s old dog is not the most beneficial d

Final Reflection Essays - Educational Psychology, Education

Final Reflection Essays - Educational Psychology, Education Final Reflection Jessi Benanti EXP 105 Personal Dimensions of Education Cassidy Hawf January 6, 2016 Final Reflection Paragraph 1: What is Learning At the time that I started this course I had a tapered meaning of learning. I thought learning meant acquiring knowledge or a set of skills by experience, by being taught, or by studying. Throughout this class I have acquired a more in-depth understanding of what learning means. According to Jhnston (page 1.2) learning is taking in world around you and connecting to way you are experiencing. This is just the tip of the ice burg when it comes to learning, as you gain the knowledge from the world around you, learning requires that as you start to understand what you are making sense of the knowledge that you will finally come to understand what you are experiencing. As Johnston stated learning involves using your critical thinking skills and sound judgment to respond appropriately to any workplace task, online assignment, or opportunity to speak publicly (page 1.2). Not only is learning understanding knowledge, but also understanding how you come to understand that knowledge. There are four types of learning patterns, Sequence, Precision, Technical Reasoning, and Confluence. As a learner you should try to understand what type of learner you are. Once you figure out your unique pattern, you will be able to learn more intentionally. Paragraph 2: Describing yourself as a Learner When it comes to my learning patterns, I normally use them where I am most comfortable. My LCI scores are Sequence-32, Precision-35, Technical Reasoning-25, and Confluence-19. As a person that is a Strong-Willed Learner, I typically use sequence, precision, and technical reasoning first. When it comes to learning I typically use sequence to start out all my assignments so I have list that lets me know where to start and where to end. As I am learning I then like to use my precision to make sure that I have all the information for the assignment. I also like to use my technical reasoning to work on solving the problem that is in front of me. This is what I do when I am really trying to answer a question. I sometimes use my confluence pattern to brainstorm new ideas for papers and discussions. As a learner I have had to understand how my patterns work together. I have learned that each pattern has its own task in what I am doing. While doing an assignment I have found that I use each p attern as its own special task to help me understand a do the work. When I take in the world around me I have learned to use my precision more than each of my other patterns. I look for the information that is in the world and make sure I have the knowledge of the world so I can learn everything. Paragraph 3: Combination of Learning Patterns The combination of my learning patterns has made me a Strong Willed Learner. As a Strong Willed Learner I can easily switch from pattern to pattern. I have been able to use two or more of my patterns to get my work done. As a Strong Willed Learner I have been able to use my unique patterns to get my assignments done on time. Being a Strong Willed Learner I have the biggest benefit of getting my BA and being able to get the job I really want. I have been able to find the perfect quiet place to get my reading and work done. When I am taking my tests I normally use both my laptop and my phone, my laptop for my test, and my phone for my book. With having both precision and sequence as two of my use first patterns, I always find all the information for my assignments and discussions first and then write a rough draft on word, check my work for spelling and grammar errors, and then I post it in the classroom. As I analyze the benefits of my unique combination of learning patterns, I have b een able to identify the things that I need to do to complete all my readings, assignments, quizzes, and discussions for this course. Paragraph 4: FITing Learning Patterns I believe as a strong

Unit 6 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unit 6 - Assignment Example Imbalances in wage structure arise when there is a deviation from the optimum wage set by the self-regulating system in the economy. I feel there are imbalances in the wage structure in our economy. The labor market comprise of different types of workers differing from one another in a number of ways with the job differing in characteristics both in terms of wage and in terms of other nonmonetary attributes (Mankiw, 2011). In order to protect employees from exploitation by their employers, the government sets a minimum wage limit. This has been of help raising the wages of the less skilled compared to what they would have earned in a labor market that is unregulated. However, despite this, the wages of some workers have been set above the equilibrium level arising to disequilibrium in the labor market (Mankiw, 2011). We can also attribute this to compensating differentials which refers to the difference in wages which arises from other nonmonetary characteristics of various types of jobs which is quite prevalent in our economy. An example would be employees with similar qualifications but since one works during a night shift earns more. Employees deployed to work in hardship conditions may be compensated more compared to employees with similar qualifications but working under friendly environments. Human capital is the accumulation of investment in people with the most explication of it being education. The perspective of demand and supply postulates that there exists a correlation between high wages and the level of education. Additionally, firms demanding for labor tend to be more willing to pay more for the highly educated employees since they tend to have higher marginal productivity due to their proficiency (Mankiw, 2011). On the other hand, the suppliers of labor tend to also be more willing to pay the costs of becoming educated only if there is a reward for that. Thus the difference in wages between the highly educated

Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Nursing - Essay Example Interest in professionalizing the nursing occupation emerged in healthcare organizations in 1970s. This stemmed from the need to provide a substitute motivation for workers with blocked access to structures of mobility and that the ideological draw of professionalism offered the promise of higher degree of control. (Barker 2008, p. 9) Here, it is important to underscore that profession through their scientific credibility becomes a source of power and prestige. Indeed, it arises out of self-interest and provides a means by which occupational groups exert influence to advance their own interest in society. By professionalizing the nursing profession, it was expected that traditional collective action such as unionism would be countered and that nurses, being educated as professionals in colleges and universities, were expected to exercise their knowledge and skills without bureaucratic constraint. The classical criteria that make a field or profession professional were posited in 1915 by Abraham Flexner, an imminent sociologist, who outlined several qualities. The most important of which follows: Flexner’s qualities for professionalism stressed rationalism, scientific standards and objectivity. These criteria were addressed by the model that conceptualized nursing professionalism, the Miller’s Wheel. In the wheel model, the center represents the essential foundation of nursing education in an institution of learning and, according to Miller: Each of the eight spokes represents other behaviors deemed necessary in maintaining or increasing nurses’ professionalism. They are competence and continuing education; adherence to the code of ethics; participation in the primary and referent professional organizations, i.e., ANA and state constituent member associations; publication and communication; orientation toward community services; theory and research development and utilization; and

Study on Financial Analysis of Britannia Essay Example for Free

Study on Financial Analysis of Britannia Essay The total food production in India is likely to double in the next ten years and there is an opportunity for large investments in food and food processing technologies, skills and equipment, especially in areas of Canning, Dairy and Food Processing, Specialty Processing, Packaging, Frozen Food/Refrigeration and Thermo Processing. Fruits Vegetables, Fisheries, Milk Milk Products, Meat Poultry, Packaged/Convenience Foods, Alcoholic Beverages Soft Drinks and Grains are important sub-sectors of the food processing industry. A health food and health food supplement is another rapidly rising segment of this industry which is gaining vast popularity amongst the health conscious. India is one of the worlds major food producers but accounts for less than 1. 5 per cent of international food trade. This indicates vast scope for both investors and exporters. Food exports in 1998 stood at US $5. 8 billion whereas the world total was US $438 billion. The Indian food industries sales turnover is Rs 140,000 crore (1 crore = 10 million) annually as at the start of year 2000. The industry has the highest number of plants approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) outside the USA. Indias food processing sector covers fruit and vegetables; meat and poultry; milk and milk products, alcoholic beverages, fisheries, plantation, grain processing and other consumer product groups like confectionery, chocolates and cocoa products, Soya-based products, mineral water, high protein foods etc. We cover an exhaustive database of an array of suppliers, manufacturers, exporters and importers widely dealing in sectors like the -Food Industry, Dairy processing, Indian beverage industry etc. We also cover sectors like dairy plants, canning, bottling plants, packaging industries, process machinery etc. The most promising sub-sectors includes -Soft-drink bottling, Confectionery manufacture, Fishing, aquaculture, Grain-milling and grain-based products, Meat and poultry processing, Alcoholic beverages, Milk processing, Tomato paste, Fast-food, Ready-to-eat breakfast cereals, Food additives, flavors etc. India is one of the world’s major food producers but accounts for less than 1. 5 per cent of international food trade. This indicates vast scope for both investors and exporters. Food exports in 1998 stood at US $5. 8 billion whereas the world total was US $438 billion. The Indian food industry’s sales turnover is Rs 140,000 crore (1 crore = 10 million) annually as at the start of year 2000. The industry requires about Rs 29,000 crore in investment over the next five years to 2005 to create necessary infrastructure, expand production facilities and state-of-the-art-technology to match the international quality and standards. The office of the Agricultural Affairs of the USDA / Foreign Agricultural Services in New Delhi says that one of India’s proudest accomplishments has been achieving a tenuous self-sufficiency in food production and that the country produces a wide variety of agricultural products at prices that are at or below world values in most cases. The Indian palate is accustomed to traditional foods, mostly wheat and rice-based, rather than potato and corn-based western palate. In marketing perspective, this is considered an important factor for foreign marketers. The USDA report says initially consumer-ready food products may have to be tailored to include Indian spices and traditional ingredients. In addition to traditional tastes, there are other social factors which affect consumption in India. Hindus account for approximately 80 per cent of India’s population, and while only 25 or 30 per cent are strict vegetarians, beef slaughter is prohibited in all but two states (Kerala and West Bengal) and consumption of other meats is limited. Incidentally, India is the only country where the US-based MacDonalds sells its burgers without any beef content and even offers purely vegetarian burgers. India’s middle class segment will hold the key to success or failure of the processed food market in India. Of the country’s total population of one billion, the middle class segments account for about 350-370 million. Though a majority of families in this segment have non-working housewives or can afford hired domestic help and thus prepare foods of their taste in their own kitchens, the profile of the middle class is changing steadily and hired domestic help is becoming costlier. This is conducive to an expansion in demand for ready-to-eat Indian-style foods. India’s food processing sector covers fruit and vegetables; meat and poultry; milk and milk products, alcoholic beverages, fisheries, plantation, grain processing and other consumer product groups like confectionery, chocolates and cocoa products, Soya-based products, mineral water, high protein foods etc. According to latest official statistics, India exported processed fruits and vegetables worth Rs 5240 million in 1997-98. The horticulture production is around 102 million tones. Foreign investment since 1991, when economic liberalization started, stood at Rs 8,800 crore. Products that have growing demand, especially in the Middle East countries include pickles, chutneys, fruit pulps, canned fruits, and vegetables, concentrated pulps and juices, dehydrated vegetables and frozen fruits and vegetables. Another potential processed food product is meat and poultry products. India ranks first in world cattle population, 50 per cent of buffalo population and one-sixth of total goat population of the world. Buffalo meat is surplus in India. There is vast scope to set up modern slaughter facilities and cold store chains in meat and poultry processing sector. India’s current level of meat and meat-based exports is around Rs 8,000 million. In last six years foreign investment in this segment stood at Rs 5,000 million which is more than 50 per cent of the total investment made in this sector. Compared with meat, poultry industry has registered significant growth. India ranks fifth in the world with annual egg production of 1. 61 million tones. Both poultry and egg processing units have come in a very big way in the country. India is exporting egg powder, frozen egg yolk and albumin powder to Europe, Japan and other countries. Poultry exports are mostly to Maldives and Oman. Indian poultry meat products have good markets in Japan, Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore. While meat products registered a growth of 10 per cent, eggs and broilers registered 16-20 per cent growth. There are about 15 pure line and grandparent franchise projects in India. There are 115 layer and 280 broiler hatcheries producing 1. 3 million layer parents and 280 million broiler parents. They in turn supply 95 million hybrid layer and 275 million broilers, day-old chick. Presently there are only five egg powder plants in India which is considered insufficient in view of growing export demand for different kind of powder whole egg, yolk and albumen. The scope of foreign investment and state-of-the-art technology in this field is therefore tremendous. Milk and milk products is rated as one of the most promising sectors which deserves foreign investment in a big way. When the world milk production registered a negative growth of 2 per cent, India performed much better with 4 per cent growth. The total milk production is around 72 million tones and the demand for milk is estimated at around 80 million tones. By 2005, the value of Indian dairy produce is expected to be Rs 1,000,000 million. In last six years foreign investment in this sector stood at Rs 3600 million which is about one-fourth of total investment made in this sector. Manufacture of casein and lactose, largely being imported presently, has good scope. Exports of milk products have been decimalized. Grains could emerge as a major export earner for India in coming years. India’s food grains production is now at around 225-230 million tones. These include rice, jawar, bajra, maize, wheat, gram and pulses. Indian basmati rice enjoys command in the international market. Besides growing Middle East market for basmati rice, many other countries are showing interest for this food grain. In 1998-99, export of basmati and non-basmati rice stood at Rs62000 million. There is a total rice milling capacity of 186 million tons in the country. Among plantation, tea emerged as major foreign exchange earner. India is the largest producer and exporter of black tea. However, the most worrying factor for Indian tea industry is that from early next year with the implementation of tea imports into the country, India tea may face a stiff competition within the country as well, specially threat of Sri Lanka’s presence in the Indian market is looming large. The current year’s tea export prospect is not that very good in terms of forex earnings because international prices have fallen significantly this year. India exports between150-170 million kilograms of tea per annum. Of course, the scope of foreign investment in this sector is good and the multinational tea companies would either be trying for marketing joint ventures with the Indian producers or acquire stakes in Indian tea companies. There is a strong possibility of third country exports through such joint venture as quality wise still Indian teas are ruling the international market. An alcoholic beverage is another are where India witnessed substantial foreign investment. Foreign investment in this sector stood at Rs 7000 million which about 70 percent of the total investment made so far. The IMFL (Indian Made Foreign Liquor) primarily comprises wine, vodka, gin, whisky, rum and brandy. Draught beer is a comparatively recent introduction in the Indian market. The Indian beer market is estimated at Rs7000 million a year. One of the major advantages for any investor eyeing the Indian liquor market is that India offers enough raw materials like molasses, barely, maize, potatoes, grapes, yeast and hops for the industry. Yet another catchy investment sector is fisheries. There is growing canned and processed fishes from India. The marine fish include prawns, shrimps, tuna, cuttlefish, squids, octopus, red snappers, ribbon fish, mackerel, lobsters, cat fish etc. In last six years there was substantial investment in fisheries to the tune of Rs 30,000 million of which foreign investments were of the order of Rs 7000 million. The potential could be gauged by the fact that against fish production potential in the Exclusive Economic Zone of 3. 9 million tones, actual catch is to the tune of 2. 87 million tones. Harvesting from inland sources is around 2. million tones. The biggest bottleneck in expanding the food processing sector, in terms of both investment and exports, is lack of adequate infrastructure. Without a strong and dependable cold chain vital sector like food processing industry which is based mostly on perishable products cannot survive and grow. Even at current level of production, farm produce valued at Rs 70,000 million is being wasted every year only because there is no adequate storage, transp ortation, cold chain facilities and other infrastructure supports.

Death is a New Beginning Essay -- Literary Analysis, Emily Dickinson

Death is a New Beginning Death is like two paths on a trail. Some see it as the end of the road while others see it as a beginning of a new adventure. In the poems â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† by Emily Dickinson and â€Å"Crossing the Bar† by Alfred Lord Tennyson, both authors choose to view death as a new journey rather than an ending. In the poem, â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† the author portrays the expedition of death as a gentle carriage ride throughout the entire poem where â€Å"Death† is personified as a gentleman caller and Immortality acts as the speakers chaperone on this voyage. The carriage takes the speaker on a ride from her childhood to her grave and beyond. Similarly, in â€Å"Crossing the Bar† Tennyson describes death as a journey through picturing death as a ride out to sea. Through choice of image both authors portray their vision that death is a journey and that death should not be feared. Finally, though death is not to be f eared, both speakers regard it from very different points of view. The person speaking in Tennyson’s poem is still alive; he is an old man waiting to die. In contrast, Dickinson’s speaker is a young woman who is surprised by death. In short, death is for both seen as an exciting new adventure. The first instance where it is evident that the authors are of the opinion that death should not be feared but rather to embrace the expedition is proven by the ways in which both authors use diction. In the first poem â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† the poem talks about the gentle ride that the person is experiencing. ...w he will be â€Å"putting out to sea†. In sum, each different speaker has their own respective point of view on dying such as Dickinson’s character did not know that death was going to come so soon. In contrary, Tennyson’s character was very aware that his time was on earth coming to an end. Although both authors have different points of view, both authors feel the same about death, as they both see death as a new expedition. In Conclusion, death is seen for both a new expedition. Dickinson’s voyage is going on a carriage ride with Death and Immortality guiding her to â€Å"eternity†. Tennyson’s adventure however is represented through crossing the sandbar into the large ocean. These poems are both reassuring and comforting for the readers to help themselves understand that death should not be feared but rather to think of death as a new beginning rather than an ending.

Aspen Tech case study Essay

History and Overview †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Specialized in the development of simulation software for customer in process manufacturing industries †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Advanced System for Process Engineering (ASPEN) project conducted at the Massachusetts Intitutes of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge Massachusetts, from 1976 to 1981 †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Founded in 1981 by Dr. Larry Evans, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Larry Evans†leadership in the development and application of integrated systems for modeling, simulation and optimization of industrial chemical process History and Overview †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ In 1982 its first year of operations, AspenTech lost USD565,000 on sales of USD182,000 †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Over next 13 years AspenTech’s sales grew rapidly as it became a major payer in the process simulation segment of the software industry. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ 1995 company earned net income $5.4 million on sales $57.5 million. AspenTech estimated that it commanded 50% of the simulation market for chemical sector. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ 1995, it employed 417 people of which 265 ware based in the US and the remainder in office in 5 countries. History and Overview †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ AspenTech went public in USDD31 million IPO which included a USD 18 Million primary offering and USD 13 Million secondary offering : –†¯ to finance further R&D –†¯ to acquire externally developed technologies –†¯ to allow early investors to monetize their holdings in the company, †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Feb1995, Aspentech conducted a $23 million public offering, which included a USD 1 million primary offering and USD 22 million secondary offering. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ 1995, AspenTech was the only one of the firms that specialized in simulation programs for chemical petroleum, and petrochemicals industries that was publicly traded. Products (versi makalah) †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Aspen Plus Aspen Plus is the most popular product a steady state modeling system built around the core technology This product accounted 48% of sales in 1995 †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Speed UP It was AspenTech’s dynamic process modeling product commercialized in 1986 by Prosys Tecknology that AspenTech purchased in 1991 †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Max It is a less powerful version of Aspen Plus †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Advent A software to optimize the tradeoff between capital expenditures for energy saving heat exchangers and the energy saving realized   Product Portfolio (versi makalah) †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Properties PLUS It is a database of chemicals properties underlying its other products, popular with customers ~ developed in-house modeling software †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Other modules –†¯ offers to the customers ~ license separately –†¯ use with its other products to model subsystems used in highly specialized chemicals processing application. Product Portfolio (versi web) †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Process Engineering – – – – – – – – Process simulation Chemicals (10 products : AspenPlus) Process simulation Oil&Gas (8 products : AspenHYSYS) Process simulation Refining (11 products : Aspenadsim+) Process simulation Batch/Pharma (8 products :Aspenproperties) Model Deployment (3 products : AspenModelrunner) Equipment modeling (8 products :AspenAcol+) Basic Engineering (2 products :AspenKbase) Economic Evaluation (3 products : Aspn Icarus Project Manager) †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Advance Process Control (14 products : Aspen Apollo, Aspen IQ) †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Planning & Scheduling (10 products : Aspen Advisor, Aspen MBO) †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Supply & Distribution (3 products : Aspen Retail) †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Production Management & Execution (16 products : Aspen 0server) Sales & Marketing †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯1995, licensed to more than 450 companies ~ chemical industry and 350 univerities †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯The selling cycle for process modelling software was long (6-12 months) †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯AspenTech charged a premium over competitors products, raise licensing fees three times (1998-1995)~10% †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Customer loyalty –†¯ Over 90% renewed their software –†¯ 1994 : 34% revenue from software renewal; 34% from expansion from existing customer †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯United States : –†¯ Directs sales force –†¯ Earned combination of salary & commission †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Sales subsidiaries : UK, Japan, HongKong, Brussels –†¯ Serve local & regional markets via directs sales forces †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Licensed software for a non-cancelable term ~ 3 or 5 years †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Charge : –†¯ annual fee x license term (year) –†¯ Interest rate 9.5% – 11% currently 12% †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Customer were more likely to buy software priced in local currency Risk Exposure 1.†¯ Foreign Exchange Risk – – – – sell software in local currencies  installment from three-to-five years creates foreign exchange exposure exchange rate fluctuations 52% revenue generated from foreign company with following revenues figures: †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Europe 31% †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Asia 12% †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Other countries 9% †¢Ã‚  In United State 48%. Risk exposure are might be applicable :Transaction Exposure (High) most the costumer operated outside of US Translation Exposure (Low) convert foreign currency financial statements into a single currency (USD). Risk Exposure 2. Interest Rate Risk (low) –†¯ AspenTech debt using US dollar currency fix interest rate and mid term (3years) –†¯ place a seasonal line-of-credit facility with a New England Bank Risk Exposure 3.†¯Credit Risk –†¯Ã‚  Credit risk (default risk) in high exposure level 2 sources probability trigger this risk: growing rapidly customer choose to defer payment of their license over the life of the contract Ex: AspenTech was liable for $ 4,6 million of this amount under limited recourse agreement Unwilling (Low) most of the customers are a loyal customer Unable (High) depend on the type of business of customer Liquidity Risk many of its customers chose to defer payment of their licenses over the life of the contract the company usually experienced an operating cash shortfall Ex: the firm booked revenue of USD57.5 million, yet receive cash payments directly from customers of only $38.5 million (66.96%). Management Risk Perform by AspenTech Foreign Exchange Risk eliminated all sales transaction exposure arising from foreign currency denominated license contract inline with its risk management policy by doing hedging : –†¯ Sale non USD installment receivable for USD –†¯ forward currency agreement Credit Risk –†¯ AspenTech has not managed the risk of the uncollectible installment –†¯ The contract with GE and Sanwa in selling the account receivable has limited recourse agreement   Liquidity Risk –†¯ To manage its liquidity risk in order to cover their day to day operation, AspenTech sell its receivable to GE and Sanwa and other financial institution. –†¯AspenTech also has debt to Massachusetts Capital Resources –†¯ placed a seasonal line of credit facility with New England bank. Recommendation AspenTech’s should reexamine the firm risk management policies and practices in light of the changes : –†¯ over the past year AspenTech’s international sales had remained a substantial portion of its revenues –†¯ the firm international expenses had increase a slightly faster rate than its international revenue –†¯ AspenTech had gone from private company into a publicly traded company AspenTech’s should review and determine an acceptable level of risk. It involves determining reasonable level of risk in-line with appropriate opportunity to gain Recommendation Net Foreign Exchange Exposure (Operational Hedging) AspenTech’s Value at Risk, 1995 (95% confidence level) UK Pound German DM Belgian Franc Japanese Yen Expenses in local currency 3,129 722 158,223 414,793 Monthly Std. Deviation 2.90% 2.80% 2.70% 3.00% Exchange Rate* 1.5873 0.6711 0.0326 0.0106 Total *Average exchange rate (U.S. dollar per unit of foreign currency) over fiscal year 1995 VaR $238 22 230 218 $707 AspenTech’s Net Foreign Exchange Exposure (‘000) by Currency, 1995 Cash Inflows UK Pound German DM Belgian Franc Japanese Yen Current Sales 1,724 1,015 308,984 Prior Sales 981 577 175,781 Cash Outflows Expenses 3,129 722 158,223 414,793 AspenTech should hedge only the net exposure †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Net foreign exchange exposure in German and Japan †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Forward contract for Belgian’s operating expense Net Exposure (424) 870 (158,223) 69,972 Recommendation Liquidity & Credit Risk –†¯ AspenTech should look other possibility to deal with other financial institution to increase their bargaining position to GE and Sanwa With higher bargaining position, AspenTech can get lower cost and better position in managing their credit risk –†¯ Maximize in selling long term receivable first Recommendation Others Hedging Instrument : –†¯ Plain-Vanilla Options give the buyer of the option the right but not the obligation to buy (call) or sell (put) a specific amount of currency at a predetermined strike price (exchange rate High cost –†¯ Average-Rate Options †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Spot rate are calculated as an average over a period †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Transaction possible during the expiry period at several predetermined dates †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Strike rate can be fixed or floating –†¯ Knock-in/knock-out Options †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Does not provide full protection †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ The key is in determining the barrier rate †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Low cost –†¯ Cross-currency transactions –†¯ Foreign currency money-market borrowing Recommendation †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Others Hedging Instrument : –†¯ Cross-currency transactions †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ transaction basically does not provide ability to hedge or secure any risk †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ provide probability of arbitrage if there is a difference between cross rate and indirect rate. –†¯ Foreign currency money-market borrowing †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Borrowing in the money market, rather difficult to use since the company need to determine level of debt that matched with its cash inflow from other matched currency

The Effectiveness of Anti-bullying Policies within the NHS: An Empirical Investigation

Based on the definition of Einarsen and Skogstad (1996), workplace bullying is defined as follows: â€Å"A person is defined as bullied if he or she is repeatedly subjected to negative acts in the workplace. However, to be a victim of such bullying one must also feel inferiority in defending oneself in the actual situation. This definition builds on research on bullying in the school playground†¦ and stresses that bullying and harassment imply a difference in the actual or perceived power and ‘strength between the persecutor and the victim.Typically, a victim of harassment or bullying is teased, badgered, and insulted and perceives that he or she has little recourse to retaliation in kind†¦This definition†¦is not limited to a predefined set of negative acts. It covers all situations in which one or more persons over a period feel subjected to negative acts that one cannot defend oneself against. Even if a single episode, e. g. physical assault may be regarded as bullying or harassment, this definition emphasizes ‘repeated negative acts.’ Consequently, serious conflicts between parties of ‘equal’ strength, or isolated episodes of conflict, are not considered as bullying. (p. 187). The NHS represents a very important entity in the delivery of healthcare services. And as bullying represents an important work place condition variable that may affect the quality of services delivered within the organisation and to patients, it is but logical to conduct a study on bullying within the NHS. Review of Related Literature O’Hare (2006) reports that there were about 5 thousand nurses attacked while at work in Northern Ireland in 2005.A handful of the victims suffered fractures, still others were grabbed by the throat, or subjected to insulting behavior such as being spat at. More than 60% of those surveyed underwent verbal harrassment as well, while about 27% were physically abused (O’Hare, 2006). These figures take on greater importance as we consider the scarcity of healthcare workers who are expected to deliver quality healthcare to NHS patients. Why is it crucial to emphasize civility in the workplace? The cuthroat competition of contemporay organisation necessitate that they develop strong retention factors that will motivate their employees to stay.It has become increasingly difficult to make employees stay within an organisation for long, and one important factor that influences such a decision is the environment of hostility vis-a-vis civility within that workplace. More often than not, employees choose to transfer to other companies instead of taking in such working conditions (Glendinning, 2001). NHS’ Definition of Bullying Bullying is defined within the NHS Trust as follows: â€Å"Persistent, offensive, abusive, intimidating, malicious or insulting behaviour, which amounts to an abuse of power and makes the recipient feel upset, threatened, humiliated or vulnerable.Bully ing undermines a victim's self-confidence and may cause them to suffer stress† (NHS Anti-bullying policy, 2002, p. 1). The NHS Trust likewise acknowledges that the occurrence of bullying within the workplace results in undue stress, depression, decrease in self-esteem, undesirable performance, and ineffective dealings with others (NHS Anti-bullying policy, 2002). Definition of Bullying by the NHS Trust The UK is not alone in its struggle to protect its workers from bullying. In a study by Glendinning (2001), they studied this phenomenon within an organisational context.Through a comprehensive review of related literature, they have conlcuded that a new relationship between supervisors and subordinates have evolved, and rightly so with the increasing dynamism and competition in the new global village (Glendinning, 2001). Moreover, it prescribes that the human resource function be held most accountable for curbing such occurrence. Difficulties in Deploying Anti-bullying Policies Glendinning (1999) differentiates between a â€Å"bullying† superior and a hard to please one. The latter simply sets out stiff expectations and targets from his subrodinates to be able to optimize their performance.On the contrary, this is not the intention of a bullying boss (Glendinning, 1999). He proceeds by consistently showing aggressive behavior that causes either physical or psychological harm to the staff he supervises . Some of the repercussions of bullying behavior in the workplace are turnover, retention, recruiting and succession issues, employee health effects, reduced productivity, counterproductive behavior, and legal countermeasures by employees (Glendinning, 1999). Prescriptions for HR Professionals for Creating a Bully-free WorkplaceAccording to Cox (2005), 87% of those in the human resources funtion were keenly informed of bullying occurences within their company. This may be a disturbing finding considering that despite such awareness, there are still 19 million working days lost because of this phenomenon. In fact, the figures show that out of five employees, there is one who is likely to feel stressed from this cause. Stress, in itself, incurs substantial cost at 7 billion annually (Cox, 2005). There has been difficulty of monitoring bullying incidents, primarily because some or even several incidents go off unreported.While there are preponderant anti-bullying policies, there is a dire need for training so that there may be heightened awareness on observing the indicators of bullying. If the bad treatment is rooted on ostracism, the employer may even be held liable for the action. Currently, employees have something more solid to rely on as a result of the Majrowski v Guy's & St Thomas's NHS Trust case. Mr Majrowski contended that his employer was partly accountable for the acts of an employee and asserted that he did experience bullying, harrassment, and intimidation from his superior.He likewise experienced extreme criticisim and others were favoured over him. As a result, the Court of Appeal rules in his favour and explicitly prescribed that he could depend on the Act and that the NHS was accountable for the actions committed by the employee (Cox, 2005). This decision has accorded employee’s a novel right, including definitions and entitlements relatd to harrassment and anxiety (Cox, 2005). There are several recommendations put forth for human resource professionals to be able to promote a bully-free workplace.One such proposal is to establish standards of interpersonal behavior within the organization to be able to (Pearson, Anderson, & Portah, 1999). Spelling out these expectations early on clearly lay down what is considered desirable or undesirable behavior within the company. Next is to be able to convey a clear message on the organization’s stance on bullying and its corresponding policies. The first realm which may exert an influence on this phenomenon is the recruiting function whi ch may relay these messages to prospective employee early on during the onboarding process (Pearson, Anderson, & Portah, 1999).The policies related to bullying must also be clearly reflected onto the employee’s job description, and there should be emphasis on the repercussions of violating these. Flynn (1999) also recommends that these behaviors be included as criteria for evaluation during the performance appraisal exercise. Given this backdrop, the current paper proceeds with an empirical investigation of bullying within the NHS Trust. The primary aim to to put forth recommendations on how to increase the efficacy of its anti-bullying policy, resulting in increased retention among its nurses and medical staff.Problem Statement The present research intends to address the following problem: How effective is the drafting and deployment of anti-bullying policies within the NHS? Thus, to be able to respond to this question adequately, the following questions have been investigat ed: 1) To what degree does bullying behaviour transpire within NHS hospitals as perceived by nurses / midwives / health care assistants and student nurses? 2) What is the efficacy level of the NHS anti-bullying policy as perceived by the medical staff? 3) Is there a significant relationship between the following variables?a) Degree of bullying behaviour experienced and level of efficacy of the NHS Bullying Policy? b) Degree of bullying behaviour experienced and age of the medical staff? b) Degree of bullying behaviour experienced and length of service of medical staff? Method Research Design The present investigation is a descriptive-correlational research that intends to define the present levels of bullying occurring within the NHS. The study is descriptive because it aims to depict the levels of bullying, the degree of awareness and involvement of nursing staff and hospital personnel in the drafting an deployment of bullying policies.In effect, there will be a need to compute for means, standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages to present the descriptive outcomes. The research is also categorised as correlatinal since it will also establish relationships between a) bullying behaviour and level of efficacy of the NHS Anti-bullying policy, b) degree of bullying behaviour experienced and age of the medical staff; and c) degree of bullying behaviour experienced and length of service of medical staff. Samples and Sampling Plan All hospitals within the NHS umbrella are qualified to take part in the investigation.Each of these hospitals shall be invited to take part in the study. They shall be selected through the use of a random numbers table. A total of 100 nurses and hospital staff shall be chosen through stratified random sampling, where the number of respondents shall be based on the relative size of the hospital (compared to the other hospitals chosen). A consent form has been distributed to the respondents of the study which explained that they are to willingly participate in the study and that they could choose to cease from participating at any time, without reprisal.They were also assured of the confidentiality of their responses and of their anonymity. All these measures have been undertaken for ethical reasons (Bryman, 1992). For the structured interview, 10 out of the 100 nurses / midwives / health care assistants and student nurses who originally took part in the study shall be asked questions that relate to their bullying experiences. This small sample shall be purposively chosen such that half of them have reported the bullying behaviour while the remainder did not.Moreover, selected key managers of the trust shall also be interviewed on how bullying is curbed within their respective areas of jurisdiction through the Trust’s anti-bullying policy. The qualitative data that will be gathered from the interviews shall supplement the quantitative findings from the survey questionnaire (Bryman, 1992). Instrument The NHS nursing staff and medical personnel have been asked to accomplish a self-constructed bullying questionnaire, whose items were based from the NHS Trust anti-bullying policy. The instrument uses a 5-point Likert type scale, which each number representing an opinion.The tool has three major parts. The first potion requests for demographic information, including gender, age, and tenure. The second portion is further subdivided into two parts: bullying experiences and the efficacy of the NHS Trust anti-bullying policy. The first sub-item intends to measure the degree of bullying experienced by the respondent and by others who also belong to that workplace. The items on efficacy talk about about individual and managerial responsibilities as regards curbing bullying behaviours in the workplace, conduct of investigations, and bullying awareness and training.Finally, there is an item which requests for an overall evaluation of the policy’s efficacy. Procedure The instrument shall be finalised and pilot tested. Undertaking a pilot study is necessary for instrument develepment. Chisnall (1997) points out that the value of a pilot study lies in validating the accuracy and consistency of â€Å"sampling frames† and planning the final sample size by measuring variability. According to Hunt et al (1982), â€Å"pilot testing pertains to testing the questionnaire on a small sample of respondents to identify and eliminate potential problems.† The pilot test will entail the participation of 5 respondents from any of the NHS hospitals chosen. Invitation letters shall be sent to all hospital administrators of the NHS, soliciting permission for the conduct of the study. Once permission is granted, the respondents shall each be given a consent form and shall be requested to return it three days later. On the agreed upon date, the researcher shall visit each of the randomly chosen hospitals to administer survey forms to the respondents.The survey questionnaire will be personally administered by the researcher to be able to address inconsistencies in addressing respondent queries (Oppenheim, 1992). On completion of the nursing staff, medical personnel and administrators of the NHS will be thanked, and shall be briefed on the study’s objectives. The outcomes shall be made available to them upon completion of the study. On the whole, the researcher expects that the level of bullying will be correlated with the perceived efficacy of the policy. Those who are older in terms of age and with longer tenures will tend to have lesser degrees of bullying experienced.Method of Data Analysis Pearson’s correlation coefficient shall be used as the main technique for data analysis apart from the descriptive statistics – the mean, standard deviation, frequencies, and percentages. Pearson r is a measure of the degree of association between two measures. When the figure is positive, this indicates that as one measure increases, there i s a corresponding increase in the other. Salkind (2000) asserts that the Pearson’s correlation coefficient necessitates that both variables are measured on the interval scale.The present study shall make use of the Pearson correlation coefficient to present the relationships among the variables degree of bullying, efficacy of bullying policy, age, and tenure of respondent. References Bryman, A. (1992). Reasearch methods and organisation studies. London: Routledge. Chisnall, P. M. (1997). Marketing research (5th ed. ) Berkshire: McGraw-Hill. Cox, E. (2005). Bullying is tricky for employers. The Journal, 32. Einarsen, S. & Skogstad, A. (1996). Bullying at work: Epidemiological findings in public and private organizations.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5, 185-201. Glendinning, P. (2001). Workplace bullying: Curing the cancer of the American Workplace. Public Personnel Management, 30(3), 269-275. Guynn, J. (1998). Mean business: Workplace bullies undermin e morale and productivity. Providence Sunday Journal (11/01/98).. Hunt, S. D. , Sparkman, J. R. D. & Wilkox, J. (1982). The pretest in survey research: issues and preliminary findings. Journal of Marketing Research. May, 269-273. NHS Anti-bullying policy. (2002). Retreived on November 28, 2006 from http://www. southtees. nhs.uk/foi/HRPantibullying. pdf O’Hare, P. (2006). 5, 000 nurses attacked. The Mirror, 6. Olweus, D. (1999). Norway. In P. K. Smith, Y. Morita, J. Junger-Tas, D. Olweus, R. Catalano, & P. Slee (eds. ) The nature of school bullying: A cross national perspective. London: Routledge. Oppenheim, A. N. (1992). Questionnaire design interviewing and attitude measurement. London: Pinter. Pearson, C. , Anderssen, L. & Portah, C. (1999). Assessing and attacking workplace incivility. Academy of Management Review. Salkind, N. J. (2000). Statistics for people who hate statistics. USA: Sage Publications Inc.

Role of Kapos in Nazi Concentration Camps

Role of Kapos in Nazi Concentration Camps Kapos, called Funktionshftling by the SS, were prisoners who collaborated with the Nazis to serve in leadership or administrative roles over others interned in the same Nazi concentration camp. How Nazis Used Kapos The vast system of Nazi concentration camps in occupied Europe was under the control of the SS (Schutzstaffel). While there were many SS who staffed the camps, their ranks were supplemented with local auxiliary troops and prisoners. Prisoners that were chosen to be in these higher positions served in the role of Kapos. The origin of the term â€Å"Kapo† is not definitive.  Some historians believe it was directly transferred from the Italian word â€Å"capo† for â€Å"boss,† while others point to more indirect roots in both German and French.  In the Nazi concentration camps, the term Kapo was first used at Dachau from which it spread to the other camps. Regardless of the origin, Kapos played a vital role in the Nazi camp system as a large number of prisoners within the system required constant oversight.  Most Kapos were put in charge of a prisoner work gang, called Kommando. It was the Kapos job to brutally force prisoners to do forced labor, despite the prisoners being sick and starving. Facing prisoner against prisoner served two goals for the SS: it allowed them to meet a labor need while simultaneously furthering tensions between various groups of prisoners. Cruelty Kapos were, in many instances, even crueler than the SS themselves.  Because their tenuous position depended on the satisfaction of the SS, many Kapos took extreme measures against their fellow prisoners to maintain their privileged positions. Pulling most Kapos from the pool of prisoners interned for violent criminal behavior also allowed this cruelty to flourish.  While there were Kapos whose original internment was for asocial, political, or racial purposes (such as Jews), the vast majority of Kapos were criminal internees. Survivor memoirs and recollections relate varying experiences with Kapos.  A select few, such as Primo Levi  and Victor Frankl, credit a certain Kapo with ensuring their survival or helping them get slightly better treatment; while others, such as Elie Wiesel, share a far more common experience of cruelty.   Early in Wiesel’s camp experience at Auschwitz, he encounters, Idek, a cruel Kapo. Wiesel relates in Night: One day when Idek was venting his fury, I happened to cross his path. He threw himself on me like a wild beast, beating me in the chest, on my head, throwing me to the ground and picking me up again, crushing me with ever more violent blows, until I was covered in blood. As I bit my lips in order not to howl with pain, he must have mistaken my silence for defiance and so he continued to hit me harder and harder.  Abruptly, he calmed down and sent me back to work as if nothing had happened. In his book,  Mans Search for Meaning,  Frankl also tells of a Kapo known simply as The Murderous Capo. Kapos Had Privileges The privileges of being a Kapo varied from camp to camp but almost always resulted in better living conditions and a reduction in physical labor.   In the larger camps, such as Auschwitz, Kapos received separate rooms within the communal barracks, which they would often share with a self-selected assistant.   Kapos also received better clothing, better rations, and the ability to supervise labor rather than actively participate in it.  Kapos were sometimes able to use their positions to also procure special items within the camp system such as cigarettes, special foods, and alcohol.   A prisoner’s ability to please the Kapo or establish a rare rapport with him/her could, in many instances, meant the difference between life and death. Levels of Kapos In the larger camps, there were several different levels within the â€Å"Kapo† designation.  Some of the titles deemed as Kapos included: Lagerltester (camp leader): Within the various sections of large camps such as Auschwitz-Birkenau, the Lagerltester oversaw the entire section and served largely in administrative roles.  This was the highest of all prisoner positions and came with the most privileges.Blockltester (block leader): A position that was common in most camps, the Blockltester was responsible for the administration and discipline of an entire barracks.  This position customarily afforded its holder with a private room (or one shared with an assistant) and better rations.Stubenlteste (section leader): Oversaw portions of large barracks such as those in Auschwitz I and reported to the Blockltester about specific needs related to the barrack’s prisoners. At Liberation At the time of liberation, some Kapos were beaten and killed by the fellow prisoners that they had spent months or years tormenting, but in most cases, Kapos moved on with their lives in a similar fashion to other victims of Nazi persecution.   A few found themselves on trial in post-war West Germany as part of the U.S. military trials held there, but this was the exception, not the norm.  In one of the Auschwitz trials of the 1960s, two Kapos were found guilty of murder and cruelty and sentenced to life in prison. Others were tried in East Germany and Poland but without much success.  The only known court-sanctioned executions of Kapos occurred in immediate post-war trials in Poland, where five of seven men convicted for their roles as Kapos had their death sentences carried out. Ultimately, historians and psychiatrists are still exploring the role of Kapos as more information becomes available through recently released archives from the East. Their role as prisoner functionaries within the Nazi concentration camp system was vital to its success but this role, like many in the Third Reich, is not without its complexities.   Kapos are viewed as both opportunists and survivalists, and their complete history may never be known.

The History of Automobile Names

The History of Automobile Names The automobile has gone by several names in the past and still continues to as variations of motor vehicles have been spun off. For example, there is the common car term, but word automobile is often used as well. Then theres truck, jeep, station wagon, bus, van, minivan and hatchback among others. However, it all began with a battle of semantics that pre-dated the word automobile, which was coined at the turn of the 20th century. So what other names for motor vehicles have famous inventors used prior to automobile? One good way to find out is to look at the names that were used in their patent applications. Heres a brief rundown of various car names throughout history: American inventor, engineer and businessman Oliver Evans  applied for a U.S. patent in Philadelphia in 1792 for an invention he called oruktor amphiboles, which translates to â€Å"amphibious digger.† His vehicle was designed to be a steam-powered car that rolled out of his shop in 1804. Initially created for the Philadelphia Board of Health for the purpose of dredging and cleaning docks, the vehicle was capable of moving on both water and land.George Selden, a patent attorney from Rochester, New York, received a patent for something he called a road machine in 1879. Due to existing laws at the time, the patent was pre-dated to 1877. Selden expanded its claims over the years. And by 1895, he had a patent for a three-cylinder motor vehicle. While he never actually produced a car, the patent allowed him to collect royalties from all American car manufacturers. Companies paid Seldens holding company, the Association of Licensed Automotive Manufacturers, for the patent licensing rights to build cars. The fact that Selden hadn’t actually followed through with his idea made the patent questionable to some manufacturers. Henry Ford,  industrialist and founder of the Ford Motor Company, was one of those who took issue with Seldon’s licensing fees and refused to pay it. Selden took Ford to court in 1904, but the judge ordered an automobile built according to the Selden patent. It was an utter failure and Selden’s patent was overturned in 1911. Selden could no longer collect royalties and car manufacturers were free to build their vehicles at lower cost without this added expense.  The  Duryea brothers  patented their motor wagon in 1895. They were bicycle makers who became fascinated with the concept of automobiles and gasoline engines.   "The new mechanical wagon with the awful name automobile has come to stay..."New York Times (1897 article) The New York Times mention of the name â€Å"automobile† was the first public use of the term by the media and eventually helped to popularize the name for motor vehicles. Credit for the name actually goes to a 14th century Italian painter and engineer named Martini. While he never built an automobile, he did draw up plans for a man-powered carriage with four wheels. He came up with the name automobile by combining the Greek word auto meaning self and the Latin word, mobils, which means moving. Put them together and youve got a self-moving vehicle that doesnt need horses to pull it. Other Names for Motor Vehicles Over the Years Of course, the other popular name for an automobile is the car is thought to be derived from Latin word carrus or carrum, which means wheeled vehicle. It can also be a variation of the Middle English term carre, meaning cart. Other possibilities include the Gaulish word karros (a Gallic chariot) or the Brythoic word Karr. These terms originally referred to wheeled horse-drawn vehicles such as a cart, carriage or wagon. Motor car is the standard formal name for cars in British English. There were other early media references to motor vehicles and these included names such as autobaine, autokenetic, autometon, automotor horse, buggyaut, diamote, horseless carriage, mocole, motor carriage, motorig, motor-vique and the oleo locomotive. The word truck may have come from truckle, which means small wheel or pulley. Its derived from the Middle English word trokell from the Latin word trochlea. It may have also come from the the Latin word trochus. The first known usage of truck was in 1611, used in reference to the wheels on ships cannon carriages. The word bus is a shortened version of the Latin word omnibus and van is short for the original word caravan.

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Assignment Example The measurement technique used was appropriate for the study, since the study took a sample of 204 students, which is a reasonable sample that is capable of giving valid results. The results of the reliability and/or validity measurements do not produce any caution in the possible replication of the study, but instead indicates a well undertaken study, where the results prove that the application of problem-based strategy is the most suitable for obtaining high learning achievements for primary school students. Case study 2 This case study applied quantitative measurement techniques, by sampling a total of 192 students from the sixth grade, to assess the effect of behavioral interactions and achievements of cooperative learning for group members who were trained to collaborate and facilitate each other's learning and those groups that were not trained, but merely instructed to help each other. The results of the study indicated that the members of the groups that were trained were co nsistently helpful to each other, compared to the groups that were not trained. ... The measurement technique applied was appropriate for the study, since random sampling was applied, which eliminated any chances of bias. Additionally, the samples picked were constituted of a suitable ratio of the high-ability, medium-ability and low-ability students. The results of the reliability and/or validity measurements do not produce any caution in the possible replication of the study. Case study 3 This case study applied quantitative measurement techniques, by sampling a total of 48 students to assess the influence of mastery and performance goals on the nature of children's collaborative participation while playing a problem-solving computer game with a peer. The results of the study indicated that those children who were assigned the mastery goals were involved in a very elaborate problem solving discussion, compared to the children who were assigned performance goals, who were observed to engage in a more help-seeking interaction, with a low level of meta-cognitive cont rol. The results further indicated that the instructions that were goal-focused are better placed to influence the nature and quality of children's paired interactions. Additionally, the study results showed that giving goal mastery instructions served to promote a highly collaborative interaction for the students. The measurement technique applied was appropriate for the study, since the sample of 48 students was further subdivided into two groups, comprising of the dispositional group, and the context-dependent group. Additionally, the children used as samples were organized based on the same gender, year group, and goal orientation, to ensure

There is an emphasis at present on the development and use of midrange Essay

There is an emphasis at present on the development and use of midrange theory in nursing. If one accepts the premise the grand theories of nursing are no long - Essay Example Grand Theories as the broadest in scope, less abstract than conceptual models but composed of general concepts still relatively abstract, and the relationships cannot be tested empirically. Every nurse must possess strong critical thinking and decision making skills. The ability to critically and accurately assess, plan, intervene, and evaluate the health and illness experiences of clients (individuals, families, and communities) should be a primary goal of nursing. Skills of this level are mandatory in order to improve health care delivery and outcomes of patient care. The ability to communicate effectively, both orally and in writing, is also essential to transmit the outcomes of these processes. Middle Range theory is defined as less abstract than grand theories, more accessible to researchers and technicians. Mid-range theories are particularly important for practice disciplines. Mid-range theories balance the specificity with the conceptual economy normally seen in grand theories. As a result, mid-range theories provide nurses with the "best of both worlds"---easy applicability in practice and abstract enough to be scientifically interesting. Mid-range theories focus on concepts of interest to nurses, and include: pain, empathy, grief, self-esteem, hope, comfort, dignity, and quality of life. ORGANISATION OF THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM These theories are developed in an effort to understand the ways in which health care is organized and delivered in order for the nurses to function effectively and assume a leadership role in the health care system. An understanding of the totality of health care systems, including managed care and integrated systems of delivery, must be obtained. As an increasing emphasis is placed on the delivery of care within integrated care systems or on the continuum of health care, all nurses, even those with a more acute or specialized focus, must have a clear understanding of community and the organization of community-based systems of care; therefore, concepts of community, community assessment, and community health care systems are essential components of the nursing life. Likewise, those nurses practicing in community-based systems of care must have an understanding of the acute care delivery system, its organization, and its functioning. Ethical decision making should be the focus of co ntent as evidenced in research, evaluation, clinical practice, and management. This specific focus of nursing is emphasized in mid range theories. Hence there is strong emphasis from the researchers for transition to mid range theories for better health care. Nursing is a human science that is based on the experiences and responses to health and illness which lends itself far better to the development and use of less abstract , situation specific mid range theories. The advanced mid range practice nurse should possess a well-grounded understanding of normal physiologic and pathologic mechanisms of disease that serves as one primary component of the foundation for clinical assessment, decision making, and management. They should be able to relate this knowledge "to interpreting changes in normal function that

Qualitative Research Methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Qualitative Research Methodology - Essay Example For example, the use of computer has become essential in the administrative field and for this reason the public sector has experienced a huge technical growth where the computer has become an integrated part to any administrative work system. One can refer to the decreasing prices of computers and the demand for new computer models. Technology is nourishing the society, to give efficiency, from the running of a fan to the satellites, circling the space. In every field of knowledge and work, technologies are used to gain time. For eg: before there was TV, there was the radio. But the latter was not enough. One wanted to see and hear at the same time. The aim of science is to make man use all the senses all that once to gain a wholesome knowledge of the surroundings. Therefore, the experts too want to find ways and means to create a technical system that helps the employees in finding informations related to their work with the least effort and shorter time to avoid searching in files and box folders for a certain paper which takes time and effort. This problem demands the need of the UAE E-administrative to be brought to notice, in order to check the police system to update its efficiency.

Users Who Will Benefit from Financial Statements Essay Example for Free

Users Who Will Benefit from Financial Statements Essay The users of Financial Statements need them in order to satisfy some of their different needs for information. The following are the users and the ways in which they use this information in their decision making. Investors They are the providers of Capital for the entity. They require information in order to determine whether they should buy hold or sell. Shareholders are also interested in information which enables them to assess the ability of the entity to pay dividends. Employees They are interested in the information since they need to know about the stability and profitability of their employers. They are also interested in information which provides remuneration, retirement benefits and employment opportunities. Lenders Are interested in information that enable them to determine whether their loans and interest attached to them will be paid when due. Suppliers and other Creditors They require information in determining whether the amounts due to them will be paid when due. Trade creditors are likely to be interested in information an entity over a shorter period than lenders unless they are dependent upon the continuation of the entity as a major customer. Government and its agencies They are interested in allocation of resources, and therefore, the activities of entities. They also require information in order to regulate the activities of entities, determine taxation policies and as the basis for National income and similar statistics. Public Entities make a substantial contribution to the local economy in many ways including the number of people they employ and their patronage of local suppliers. Financial Statements may assist the public by providing information about the trends and recent developments in the prosperity of the entity and range of its activities.

Antigone Essay :: essays research papers fc

All true Greek tragedies were written using the same basic set of characteristics. One such characteristic was that all the characters were of nobility. This was to ensure that their fall from grace would be greater to those watching the play in action. Another characteristic of all Greek tragedies is that they were written in poetic form, as this was the style of writing at the time. There were also always almost constant references to the gods and to matters of fate. And it was the ever-present chorus who made a great deal of these references. One of the most important characteristics of the Greek tragedy was that the hero of the play always had a fatal flaw which proved not only to be their downfall but the cause of destruction of all those around them. Sophocles play â€Å"Antigone† is a wonderful example of the Greek tragedy because it encompasses all these characteristics.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The major characters in the play are all nobility in some form or another. Antigone is the daughter of Oedipus and Iocaste the former king and queen which makes her a princess (Scene 2, Lines 1-2) (Scene 4, Lines 36-44). She is also the sister of Ismene (Prologue, Lines 1&7) which makes her a princess as well. The ruling king of Thebes at the time is King Creon (Prologue, Line 6). He has a wife Eurydice who is queen (Exodus, Line 25-26) and a son Haimon who is the prince (Exodus, Lines 64-68). The reason that the characters were all forms of nobility is to make their fall from grace and or powers seem even greater and harder for them to bear. This was designed to be uplifting to the common peoples of ancient Greece.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Like other play that were written at this point in time Sophocles wrote his play â€Å"Antigone† in poetic form. This can be seen in various places throughout the play (Parados, Line 1-7). And although some of its poetic form is lost in the translation of the play from ancient Greek to Modern English, it is still evident primarily when the chorus is explaining the passage of time (Scene 4, Lines 33-36). Or describing a battle to the audience (Parados, Lines 34-38).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Antigone is also full of references to the gods and to fate (Exodus, Lines 3-6) and how it has affected specific character’s lives. The chorus made a large amount of these references themselves, when talking about the gods (Ode 2, Lines 13-18) and to fate (Ode 2, Lines 25-28).